What are the advantages of spherical bearings for railway rail transit bridges compared to tradition
The spherical bearings used in railway rail transit bridges have significant advantages over traditional pot type rubber bearings and plate type rubber bearings, especially suitable for high-speed railways, heavy loads, large-span and complex terrain bridges, mainly reflected in these aspects:
The spherical bearings used in railway rail transit bridges have significant advantages over traditional pot type rubber bearings and plate type rubber bearings, especially suitable for high-speed railways, heavy loads, large-span and complex terrain bridges, mainly reflected in these aspects:
1. Stronger rotational ability, able to rotate in all directions
Traditional bowl shaped supports can only rotate in one or two directions, while spherical supports rely on spherical structures to achieve flexible rotation in any direction, with larger angles. They are particularly suitable for curved bridges, inclined bridges, and ramp bridges, and can adapt to beam deformation more smoothly.
2. More uniform force distribution and more reliable load-bearing capacity
Spherical bearings have spherical surface contact, uniform stress distribution, and are less prone to local crushing; Traditional bowl bearings rely on rubber for pressure bearing, which is prone to stress concentration. Under heavy load and frequent impact conditions of high-speed rail, ball bearings have higher stability and safety.
3. Almost independent of rubber, with better durability
The core of traditional bowl shaped bearings relies on rubber to bear pressure and rotate, which is prone to aging, low temperature brittleness, and limited lifespan. Ball bearings are mainly made of steel and wear-resistant sliding plates, with rubber only used for sealing, greatly reducing aging problems, longer service life, and less maintenance.
4. Stronger adaptability to low-temperature environments
Rubber will harden and lose elasticity in cold regions, affecting the performance of bearings and even causing failure. Ball bearings are less affected by temperature, and cold resistant models can work normally in an environment of -40 ℃, making them more suitable for northern and high-altitude railways.
5. Larger displacement adaptability range
Spherical bearings can meet both longitudinal and transverse large displacement requirements, with a more flexible design that can adapt to large-span continuous beams and bridges with large temperature expansion and contraction. Traditional bearings generally have smaller displacement.
6. Better seismic and seismic isolation effects
Spherical sliding combined with sliding mechanism can more effectively dissipate seismic energy, provide reasonable constraints on the beam, and be safer during earthquakes. It has outstanding advantages in high-intensity areas.
7. The overall structure is more compact and the installation is easier
Under the same load-bearing capacity, the volume is smaller, the height is lower, and it is more friendly to bridge design; Installation, slope adjustment, and alignment are also more convenient than traditional pot type supports.
8. Smooth operation, compatible with high standards of high-speed rail
High speed rail requires high smoothness of the line, with small deformation, smooth sliding, and no obvious lag of the ball bearings, which can better ensure smooth and comfortable train operation, which is difficult to achieve with traditional rubber bearings.
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