What are the core technical characteristics of spherical bearings for railway rail transit bridges
The spherical bearing of railway rail transit bridges is a core force transmission component that meets the requirements of heavy load, high speed, and high stability of railways. Its technical characteristics revolve around four core directions: load transmission reliability, deformation adaptability flexibility, durability and fatigue resistance, and comprehensive safety protection. The specific
The spherical bearing of railway rail transit bridges is a core force transmission component that meets the requirements of heavy load, high speed, and high stability of railways. Its technical characteristics revolve around four core directions: load transmission reliability, deformation adaptability flexibility, durability and fatigue resistance, and comprehensive safety protection. The specific details are as follows:
1、 Heavy load efficient force transmission, uniform stress distribution
Spherical contact design: Using a surface contact structure consisting of a convex spherical surface on the upper support plate and a concave spherical surface on the lower support plate, combined with a spherical PTFE sliding plate, the dead load, train dynamic load, and impact load of the upper structure of the bridge can be converted from concentrated stress to uniform spherical contact stress, avoiding local stress concentration that may cause cracking of the support or beam. The vertical bearing capacity of a single support can reach 1000kN-30000kN, meeting the heavy load requirements of mainline railways and high-speed railways.
Rigid material support: The main body of the support is made of cast steel or alloy steel, which has high strength and good toughness after quenching and tempering heat treatment. It can withstand high-frequency impact loads from trains and is not easily deformed after long-term service.
2、 Full dimensional deformation adaptation ensures the smoothness of the bridge
Adaptive rotation angle in any direction: Through the sliding of the spherical PTFE sliding plate, the support can achieve a full directional rotation angle of 0.02rad-0.05rad, adapting to the end rotation of the bridge caused by load, temperature changes, and concrete shrinkage and creep, and maintaining surface contact throughout the rotation process without the risk of detachment or point contact, ensuring uninterrupted load transmission.
Multi directional displacement compensation: Combined with the low friction characteristics of the planar PTFE skateboard (friction coefficient ≤ 0.03), displacement compensation of ± 200mm in the longitudinal direction and ± 50mm in the transverse direction can be achieved; Through differentiated limit structure design, three types of supports have been derived: fixed, one-way movable, and two-way movable, which respectively meet the displacement constraint requirements of different parts of the bridge and adapt to the multidimensional deformation of large-span and complex terrain bridges.
3、 Durable and anti-aging, low maintenance cost
Wear resistant and corrosion-resistant: The spherical and flat PTFE sliding plates are used in combination with stainless steel plates. The PTFE material has strong self-lubricating properties, and the surface of the stainless steel plate is smooth and wear-resistant. The combination of the two can significantly reduce sliding wear; The overall sealed dust-proof design can isolate sediment and rainwater from entering, prevent internal components from rusting, and adapt to harsh environments such as humidity and dust.
Long service life: Excellent fatigue resistance, with a design service life of over 50 years, matching the long-term service life of railway bridges; Daily maintenance only requires regular inspection of the wear and tear of seals and sliding plates, without the need for large-scale disassembly, and does not affect the normal operation of the railway.
4、 Upgrading seismic protection to enhance structural safety
Exclusive design of shock-absorbing bearings: Equipped with built-in dampers or shock-absorbing devices, they can absorb seismic energy during an earthquake, limit the relative displacement between the beam and the bridge pier, and avoid beam collision and falling; At the same time, through the elastic reset structure, the bridge can automatically recover to its initial position after an earthquake, improving its seismic resistance level.
Accurate and controllable limit: The limit bolts of fixed supports and one-way movable supports have high strength and good shear resistance, which can effectively resist the longitudinal traction force generated by train braking, prevent excessive displacement of the beam, and ensure the stability of the bridge structure during high-speed train travel.
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